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1)To work with Windows applications:
- Wine
- PlayOnLinux
- VirtualBox
2)Office:
- Libre Office software package
- Krusader (file manager)
- Adobe Reader 9
- 7zip (without graph. shells)
- Peazip (WinRAR analog)
- Osmo (organizer)
- StarDict (translator) + english-Russian-English dictionaries
- gscan2pdf (OCR)
- ScanTailor
- FBReader (e-book reader)
- ChmSee (view .chm)
- CherryTree (notebook)
3)Audio and video:
- SMPlayer (multimedia player)
- QMMP (audio player)
- Tano IP TV Player
- vkaudiosaver
- VLC (multimedia player)
- Audacity (audio editor)
- OpenShot (video editor)
- Format Junkie (multiconverter)
- Arista Transcoder
- gtkpod iPod Manager
- Kazam -recording from desktop
- Cheese
4)Graphics:
- Pinta (analog of Paint)
- GIMP (graphics editor) + add. scripts
- Inkscape (vector graphics editor)
- Blender (analog of 3DMax)
- Phatch - batch photo processor
5)Security:
- Avast!Antivirus 4 for Linux Workstation (antivirus scanner)for collaboration with Windows
"Why Avast?" http://axa-ru.blogspot.com/search?q=antivirus
- UFW Firewall
- TrueCrypt (disk partition encryption)
- R-Linux (recovery of deleted data in ext2/ext3/ext4 file systems) from R-Studio
- TestDisk- (recovery of deleted data in FAT/NTFS/ext2 file systems)
6)Disks&Flash:
- Multisystem
- K3b (disk recording)
- simpleburn (burning discs)
- AcetoneISO (working with images)
- ISO Master (working with images)
- Gparted (partition editor)
- Unetbootin (creation of bootable flash drives)
- USB Creator (creation of bootable flash drives)
- WinUSB for creating a bootable flash drive with Windows
7)Internet:
- Firefox
- Google Chrome
- Opera
- TOR
all browsers (except Tor) with Add Block (anti-advertising) filter plugins,
WOT (site reliability indicator),Dr.Web Link Checker (checking downloaded information for viruses)
- Skype
- TeamSpeak3
- qutIM (icq)
- Transmission (torrent client)
- EiskaltDC++
- uGet and Jdownloader (download managers)
- Gnome PPP, KPPP (Dial-up dialers)
- Hamachi
- X11VNC Server (remote access)
- Remmina (remote desktop access)
- Thunderbird (mail)
- Evolution (mail, similar to Outlook)
- Wammu (mobile phone connection)
- Dropbox
- FileZilla
- MAC Changer (programmatically changing the MAC address of the network card in the OS)
8)Space:
- Google Earth
- Stellarium
9)Laptop Programs:
- Prey (”anti-theft" of the laptop, inactive)
- Unison (synchronization of 2 pcs)
- Cuttlefish (rules of action, relationships)
- Jupiter (energy saving)
- Modem Manager (for USB modem)
- Wi-Fi driver installer for Windows on Linux
- CPU frequency controller
10)System programs, design, system cleaning:
- Conky Menu (calling the Control Menu of the system monitoring program, disabled by default in
startup) or Right mouse button-Scripts - Conky Menu.
Instructions for Conky in the Start settings.It turns on like this
http://i45.fastpic.ru/big/2012/1019/81/f244027b6886...821f5ff8c81.jpeg
- Ubuntu Tweak (setup, system cleanup)
- BleachBit (system cleanup)
- CompizConfig (system setup)
- Emerald Theme Manager
- dconf Editor (system setup)
- PC hardware temperature and load indicators (disabled by default in startup)
- SysInfo 4 Linux (system and computer information)
- Wallch (Wallpaper changer)
- Docky (Dock taskbar)
- Cairo-Dock 3.3 (Dock taskbar)
- Caffeine (disabling the screen saver)
- Tilda (terminal)
11)Administration:
- Synaptic (Package Manager)
- Launchpad
- DeepinSoftware
- gdebi
- Samba
- Boot recovery
- Grub Customizer (creating Grub menu)
- Remastersys (creating OS)
- APTonCD (repository creation)
and other programs in the system.

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1) Folder Start settings. On issues of optimizing the operation of laptops with hybrid video (2 video cards), optimization when installing on SSD drives, configuring Conky for your hardware configuration, etc. the issues that your attention is drawn to there.
2) When installing on VirtualBox, do not forget to enable PAE, it is recommended to install the proposed proprietary drivers
3) By default, Wallch, Conky, CPU Frequency Scaling Indicator are disabled in the startup, after installation it is recommended to tick them again.
”Start" Apple- Administration - Automatically launched applications, check the boxes here.

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Four images, three with Russian interface, one with English

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Desktop effects are included in CompizConfig:
Ctrl+Win - water effect
Ctrl+Alt+Left mouse button - cube (flipping left mouse button. desktop mice)
Ctrl+Tab and Win+Tab - change windows
Terminals:
F3 - Tilda (open and close)
F2 - standard (open)
Ctrl-Alt-Backspace - restart the desktop" (X-sov)
Alt-Shift - language change

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so that Windows on the HDD can see a neighbor" - Linux ext2/ext3/ext4 file system, you need to install a driver in Windows OS Ext2Fsd-0.51.exe (located in the Startup Settings folder)

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7f0458d510df05a32aa3403d1897159c LinmacOS_v.3.6_k.3.2_RU.iso
1374364df5ebe67f7b60099d1dc87d20 LinmacOS_v.3.6_k.3.5_ENG.iso
682c3a07f2357b20924db41586b7594a LinmacOS_v.3.6_k.3.5_RU.iso
c608708ae8f6b1e513f8ff66d1fc1e73 LinmacOS_v.3.6_k.3.8_RU.iso

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- 4 images, differences - core and languages
1st core 3.2.0-54 russian interface
2nd core 3.5.0-42 russian interface
3rd core 3.5.0-42 english interface
4th core 3.8.0-32 russian interface
- system update to 12.04.3 (3rd Ubuntu 12.04 service pack)
- many programs have been updated
- fixed noticed bugs
- only English and Russian language packs
, etc. remained in the system

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Indicative recommendations, if your computer is 2 or more years old, start with an image on the kernel 3.2, that is
LinmacOS_v.3.6_k.3.2_RU, hardware support in the computer depends on the kernel, in more modern versions of kernels, old hardware may no longer be supported, if the computer is 1 or two years old, put LinmacOS_v on the 3.5 core.3.6_k.3.5_RU or LinmacOS_v.3.6_k.3.5_ENG, if the computer is quite fresh, then start with the option on the 3.8 LinmacOS_v kernel.3.6_k.3.8_RU. If all the equipment was found at once, leave this option.

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Since on the 3.5 kernel, I think the system should go on almost any more or less modern hardware, I left it on the English version of it, and if you want to upgrade to the 3.8 kernel, you can do this:
1) Connect the repository:
- launch Synaptic manager - Setting - Repositories - Other Software tab - check the boxes next to the 2 lines (kernel 3.8)
http://ppa.launchpad.net/canonical-kernel-team/ppa/ubuntu raring main
http://ppa.launchpad.net/canonical-kernel-team/ppa/ubuntu raring main (Source code)
and uncheck the boxes accordingly from 2 lines (core 3.5)
http://ppa.launchpad.net/canonical-kernel-team/ppa/ubuntu quantal main
http://ppa.launchpad.net/canonical-kernel-team/ppa/ubuntu quantal main (Source code)
closing the Synaptic manager windows.
2) Run the search for Software updates up to date and update the kernel to 3.8.0-32, then overload.
3) Delete the "old" kernel 3.5.0-42 - run terminal F2 and copy the line there
sudo su -c 'apt-get autoremove linux-image-3.5.0-42-generic&&update-grub'
press Enter and confirm in the action window Y, wait for the operation to complete and launch Ubuntu Tweak - Janitor tab, tick
all the items and click Clean at the bottom. The final cleaning of the old kernel will take place.
4) Return the boot screen saver with the apple, press F2 and copy the line-
sudo update-alternatives --config default.plymouth
press Enter, select position 0 (zero) in the window and Enter again.
5) After completing the operation, item 4, copy the line to the terminal
sudo update-initramfs -u